Localizing the sustainable development goals: A multivariate analysis of Spanish regions

Based on the content analysis of the websites of 102 Spanish municipalities related to actions aligned with the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the X-STATIS technique was applied to analyze the status and dynamic evolution of commitment to the SDGs in regional and local governments over the period of 2016-2021. The results show a low but increasing level of SDG commitment, which also varies significantly across municipalities and regions, as well as by SDGs, which can be attributed to the influence of several sociodemographic factors, such as the number of inhabitants, dependent population and population density. SDG8 and SDG11 stand out as the main priorities of the municipalities, while initiatives related to SDG5, SDG6 and SDG 17 are the least prioritized. The COVID-19 pandemic has marked a turning point in this regard, with greater importance being given to the SDGs more related to people and prosperity. Our findings help citizens and public authorities to understand sustainable regions and municipalities, assess their performance in relation to different dimensions of sustainability and identify key challenges for future improvements. Specifically, the results suggest that public policies should promote actions related to gender equality, drinking water and sanitation and partnerships, as well as favor investment in the regions and municipalities that are lagging behind, in order to improve their level of commitment to the 2030 Agenda and reduce inequalities. From an academic point of view, our results open a door for the analysis of possible trajectories in the implementation of the SDGs at regional and local levels and the study of their determinants. © 2023 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.

COVID-19 in Zimbabwe: Trends, Dynamics and Implications in the Agricultural, Environmental and Water Sectors

This contributed volume, based on papers presented at a conference held in Zimbabwe in mid-2021, interrogates solutions to COVID-19-related problems and issues across agricultural, environmental and water sectors in Zimbabwe and assesses their scientific, economic and practical validity. Across 19 chapters, this volume unpacks the science, economics and politics of the pandemic with a focus on understanding its secondary and tertiary impact on Zimbabwe's population. The volume is also dedicated to understanding the practical and policy-oriented approaches in tackling the pandemic and confronting the "new normal” of COVID-19. It brings together researchers, development practitioners and policy makers from various disciplines in an endeavour to understand COVID-19 trends and analyse the scientific options for mitigation, containment, innovation and ultimately pre-empt the possible emergence and impacts of other pandemics in the future. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.

Open Government, Governance and Sustainable Development: a vision in the post-COVID-19 era

The idea of Open Government, centered on the pillars of transparency, collaboration and participation, has been embedded in many governments to strengthen the creation of democratic governments in accordance with the demands that are immersed in information societies today and that act based on to the principles of accountability, transparency and access to information of general interest. In this sense, through a documentary methodology, the objective of the article is to theoretically describe the influence of Open Government framed governance and sustainable development. Public administration in today's world demands flexibility, creativity, effectiveness, efficiency, participation, cooperation and co-responsibility. Open government is transversal to the 2030 Agenda, because SDG 16 proposes to configure a new public governance framework and a renewed state architecture that allow the promotion of peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, facilitate access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.

Why Reaching Zero-Dose Children Holds the Key to Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.

Immunization has one of the highest coverage levels of any health intervention, yet there remain zero-dose children, defined as those who do not receive any routine immunizations. There were 18.2 million zero-dose children in 2021, and as they accounted for over 70% of all underimmunized children, reaching zero-dose children will be essential to meeting ambitious immunization coverage targets by 2030. While certain geographic locations, such as urban slum, remote rural, and conflict-affected settings, may place a child at higher risk of being zero-dose, zero-dose children are found in many places, and understanding the social, political, and economic barriers they face will be key to designing sustainable programs to reach them. This includes gender-related barriers to immunization and, in some countries, barriers related to ethnicity and religion, as well as the unique challenges associated with reaching nomadic, displaced, or migrant populations. Zero-dose children and their families face multiple deprivations related to wealth, education, water and sanitation, nutrition, and access to other health services, and they account for one-third of all child deaths in low- and middle-income countries. Reaching zero-dose children and missed communities is therefore critical to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals commitment to "leave no one behind".

Online learning attributes on overall tourism and hospitality education learning satisfaction: Tourism Agenda 2030

PurposePromoting "Quality Education” as part of Sustainable Development Goal 4 requires educational stakeholders to understand the nature of online learning from the learners' perspective. This study aims to explore the asymmetric effects of online learning attributes on overall learning satisfaction in tourism and hospitality education.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopt the three-factor satisfaction theory and the three analytical steps penalty–reward contrast analysis, impact range performance analysis (IRPA) and impact asymmetry analysis. The authors then juxtapose the results of such analytical approaches to the traditional importance–performance analysis (IPA) for further insights.FindingsTraditional IPA suggests nine high importance and performance online attributes. However, the IRPA reveals that only four attributes fall within high performance and high range of impact on satisfaction. The attribute "secure” had a low performance despite a significant impact on satisfaction.Research limitations/implicationsBy exploring asymmetric effects, scholars, service providers and participants of online education can have a deeper insight into the nature and dynamic effect of attributes on overall satisfaction.Originality/valueBy exploring the asymmetric impacts of online learning attributes on overall learning satisfaction, the findings provide a novel insight into the multidimensionality of online learning attributes.

Sustainable Development Goals and Health

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a global call to improve lives of everyone, leaving no one behind, by 2030. They recognize health as a cornerstone of development and serve as a platform to ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all. COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated how a health crisis may have intersecting flow-on effects on global sustainable development by affecting the progress of all SDGs. Urbanization is one of the leading global trends of the 21st century that has a significant impact on health. Cities have a huge responsibility and opportunity to promote healthier urban environments. The way we plan and build our cities defines our quality of life. It affects not only the quality of our living spaces and transport, but also the air we breathe, the water we drink, and our access to nutritious food, education, health care services, and employment. Transportation has an impact on the environment and human health. Sustainable transport plays a fundamental role in improving social equity, health, resilience of cities, and urban–rural linkages. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

The Contribution of CoVID-19 Innovative Projects for Sustainable Development: The Portuguese Context

COVID-19 has brought new challenges to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals as proposed by the United Nations in the 2030 Agenda. However, innovative projects developed by governments, private sector, and civil society present themselves as an opportunity to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 on sustainable development. This study uses the Observatory of Public Sector Innovation promoted by the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development to explore how innovative projects address the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. The Portuguese context is used to qualitatively characterize this phenomenon. The findings reveal that these projects also offer relevant contributions in areas such as public infrastructure support, health promotion, quality of education, and reduced inequalities. Copyright © 2022, IGI Global.

Implementing Sustainable Development Goals within the COVID-19 Pandemic Future Challenges for the 2030 Agenda

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely changed the world economy and jeopardized the im-plementation of Sustainable Development Goals on a large scale. Progress in meeting the goals of the 2030 Agenda has been significantly disrupted and stalled, undermining previous efforts of governments and nations. Furthermore, the economic slowdown of the global economy as an effect of COVID-19 has not improved the situation of climate change. The side effects of the pandemic are serious in every sphere of life, especially in the exacerbation of existing so-cial inequalities, which results in threatening the achievements of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).The aim of this article is to present the current status of SDG implementation with reference to the 2030 Agenda. Furthermore, it will examine the impact of COVID-19 on the progress of SDGs on a global scale, focusing mainly on the statistics from the Sustainable Development Re- port 2021. The purpose of the study is also to describe the results of the analysis that examines the major effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on European countries, including Central and East-ern European Countries (CEECs), in terms of the implementation of SDGs. The study is limited to the context of Goal 1 (No poverty), Goal 2 (Zero hunger) and Goal 3 (Good health and well-be-ing). Another purpose, recognized as the added value of the research, is to identify the main chal-lenges related to sustainable development while implementing the SDGs in the CEECs. Finally, the author investigates the post-COVID priorities and pandemic strategic response plans. The research methods include an analysis of available documentary and literary sources on the top-ics in question, based on the development of relevant statistical surveys, and the deductive ap-proach, to draw conclusions from the reports of international organizations. The research was based on the global indicator framework, which includes 231 unique indicators that monitored the stage and progress of the SDGs' implementation. Global SDG Indicators Data Platform (SDG Indicators Database) was the source of data.

Diversity in organizations: contributions to achieving the sustainable development goals of the 2030 Agenda

The aim of this theoretical essay is to reflect on the role and contributions of organizations to promote diversity in the business environment and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda. The study provides a synthesis of the multiple perspectives of diversity in organizations, from the perspective of Top Level and Critical Mass theories;presents an overview of the SDGs, with an emphasis on SDG5 (gender equality) and SDG10 (reducing inequalities);proposes a discussion on diversity in organizations and the 2030 Agenda, presenting challenges for organizations in the current context, such as the impacts of COVID-19 on achieving the SDGs, as well as strategies and practices that can be adopted by organizations, based on recommendations bodies such as the Ethos Institute and the UN;and proposes reflections that can serve as a basis for new research and debates, especially in the field of organizational studies and accounting, based on the construction of a future research agenda on the topics addressed. The study contributes to the advancement and discussion of the literature on the subject and emphasizes the need to increase the awareness of researchers and managers about the importance of diversity as a social issue, which has important implications for business strategies and stakeholder perceptions regarding social responsibility and corporate sustainability.

Diversidade nas organizações: contribuições para o alcance dos objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável da Agenda 2030

Busca-se, com o presente ensaio teórico, refletir acerca do papel e das contribuições das organizações para a promoção da diversidade no âmbito empresarial e consecução dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) da Agenda 2030. O estudo fornece uma síntese das múltiplas perspectivas da diversidade nas organizações, sob a ótica das teorias do Alto Escalão e Massa Crítica;apresenta uma visão geral sobre os ODS, com ênfase no ODS5 (igualdade de gênero) e no ODS10 (redução das desigualdades);propõe uma discussão sobre a diversidade nas organizações e a Agenda 2030, apresentando desafios para as organizações no contexto atual, tais como impactos da COVID-19 no atingimento dos ODS, bem como estratégias e práticas que podem ser adotadas pelas organizações, a partir de recomendações de órgãos como o Instituto Ethos e ONU;e propõe reflexões que podem servir de base para novas pesquisas e debates, especialmente no campo de estudos organizacionais e da contabilidade, a partir da construção de uma agenda de pesquisa futura sobre as temáticas abordadas. O estudo contribui para o avanço e discussão da literatura sobre o tema e enfatiza a necessidade de aumento de conscientização de pesquisadores e gestores sobre a importância da diversidade como uma questão social, que tem implicações importantes para as estratégias de negócios e percepções dos stakeholders frente a responsabilidade social e sustentabilidade empresarial.Alternate :The aim of this theoretical essay is to reflect on the role and contributions of organizations to promote diversity in the business environment and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda. The study provides a synthesis of the multiple perspectives of diversity in organizations, from the perspective of Top Level and Critical Mass theories;presents an overview of the SDGs, with an emphasis on SDG5 (gender equality) and SDG10 (reducing inequalities);proposes a discussion on diversity in organizations and the 2030 Agenda, presenting challenges for organizations in the current context, such as the impacts of COVID-19 on achieving the SDGs, as well as strategies and practices that can be adopted by organizations, based on recommendations bodies such as the Ethos Institute and the UN;and proposes reflections that can serve as a basis for new research and debates, especially in the field of organizational studies and accounting, based on the construction of a future research agenda on the topics addressed. The study contributes to the advancement and discussion of the literature on the subject and emphasizes the need to increase the awareness of researchers and managers about the importance of diversity as a social issue, which has important implications for business strategies and stakeholder perceptions regarding social responsibility and corporate sustainability.

Online learning attributes on overall tourism and hospitality education learning satisfaction: Tourism Agenda 2030

PurposePromoting "Quality Education" as part of Sustainable Development Goal 4 requires educational stakeholders to understand the nature of online learning from the learners' perspective. This study aims to explore the asymmetric effects of online learning attributes on overall learning satisfaction in tourism and hospitality education. Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopt the three-factor satisfaction theory and the three analytical steps penalty-reward contrast analysis, impact range performance analysis (IRPA) and impact asymmetry analysis. The authors then juxtapose the results of such analytical approaches to the traditional importance-performance analysis (IPA) for further insights. FindingsTraditional IPA suggests nine high importance and performance online attributes. However, the IRPA reveals that only four attributes fall within high performance and high range of impact on satisfaction. The attribute "secure" had a low performance despite a significant impact on satisfaction. Research limitations/implicationsBy exploring asymmetric effects, scholars, service providers and participants of online education can have a deeper insight into the nature and dynamic effect of attributes on overall satisfaction. Originality/valueBy exploring the asymmetric impacts of online learning attributes on overall learning satisfaction, the findings provide a novel insight into the multidimensionality of online learning attributes.

Multi-country SDGs indicator projections involving impacts of economic shocks: A protocol applied to the COVID-19 pandemic for ASEAN-5 countries.

Economies often experience large shocks, necessitating the revision of development indicator forecasts, including Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) indicators. Many of those, predicted for 2030, require continued monitoring and re-estimation of how great the impact of these shocks will be, e.g., comparing the achievements with and without the shocks (counterfactual). In this paper, we design a protocol to create datasets containing 2030 SDGs indicator projection estimates that can be used to monitor the extent to which current economic shocks will affect the trajectories of those indicators. We combine official United Nations Statistics Division (UNSTAT) SDGs indicator data and economic growth projections data and fit them into the protocol. The protocol includes filtering UNSTAT SDGs indicators for regression analysis connecting them with economic growth. We assume that the difference in economic growth projections before and after a shock is primarily caused by the shock. This implies that our protocol is less suitable for an episode of more subtle shocks or shocks with multiple causes. We use these estimates to create the SDGs indicators projection dataset. We applied this to ASEAN-5 countries and the COVID-19 pandemic. The same protocol can be used for other countries as well as other economic shocks.•The protocol is useful to monitor how previous projection trajectories of SDGs indicators are affected by relevant large economic shocks, such as those due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The resulted dataset can also be used for comparing achievements, with and without shocks (counterfactual).•This protocol can be used by national and international agencies, especially those in charge of planning, monitoring, and evaluating the SDGs agenda. The protocol and the resulting data would also be helpful to researchers working on SDGs issues.•In this paper, the protocol to create the projection dataset of SDGs applies for the ASEAN-5 countries using the COVID-19 shocks. These can also be applied for other countries and other economic shocks.

Financing for SDGs in India in Post Pandemic era - Challenges & Way forward

In 2015, a resolution known as Agenda 2030 was passed by United Nations General Assembly in which seventeen goals for Sustainable Development were laid down for global dignity, peace and prosperity. The post- pandemic era became full of uncertainties in pursuing those Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and its implementation became a challenge especially for the developing economies like India. The country is facing a tremendous gap in arranging for resources to meet the climatic changes and attaining the SDGs. India requires 170 billion dollars per year from 2015-2030 to fulfill the Sustainable Development Goals as per the estimation done by National Determined Contribution, a body setup after Paris agreement 2015 to monitor the efforts of the country towards reducing national emissions and adapting to climate change. There is a huge concern amongst the various agencies on exploring the ways to fill this financing gap especially after the economic slowdown seen in the post pandemic era. This research paper analyses the challenges imposed by the COVID 19 pandemic on financing for SDGs and also explores the options to mitigate them. The articles and research papers related to SDG financing are reviewed by the researchers to arrive at the above mentioned statements. This paper is an attempt to draw the attention of worldwide authorities towards this grim situation as sustainable finance is far from reality in India and requires immediate up scaling. © The Electrochemical Society

Roads and Goal 8 of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda

Through the experience of a trip to Rwanda, the author describes the role of roads in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. Specifically, the article focuses on goal 8 "Decent work and economic growthThe author also reviews the theories of the last 50 years which try to explain how transport influences the general development of a society Growth, employment, inclusion, training, health, safety, sustainable tourism, appearance of financial services ... All these are the benefits of a quality road network that allows agile and efficient mobility The article concludes by referring to the negative consequences that the pandemic has had and will have on the economic evolution of the poorest countries of the planet.,,,,,,. © 2021 Asociacion Espanola de la Carretera. All rights reserved.

SDG1. Towards the eradication of poverty in the world

The article outlines the keys of the Sustainable Development Goal number 1, which sets out global guidelines for the eradication of poverty in the world: global social protection systems for the most vulnerable, mobilizing resources for cooperation, create solid regulatory frameworks at the national, regional and international levels, etc. The author reviews the path followed by the United Nations and other supranational organizations up to the formulation of the 2030 Agenda, and analyzes how the emergence of COVID-19 has affected the chronic state of poverty at a time when, in some areas of the Globe, signs of improvement were appearing. A reference to the "Next Generation EU" Program is essential, implemented by the European Union with a budget of 1.8 billion euros to help to rebuild the Old Continent after the devastating effects of coronavirus. The author recalls that poverty is not only a problem in developing countries, but also in areas considered as social and economic well-being regions, which are suffering the scarcity of resources. In the conclusions, the author presents the results of the case studies developed in 2021 by twelve teams of civil engineering students in order to find efficient actions against poverty. It was concluded that there are common patterns which difficult the way out of poverty in the short term without an economic investment and support in the planning and management of processes by means of external teams for local actions. © 2021 Asociacion Espanola de la Carretera. All rights reserved.

Development, Governance and Resilience. A global vision in the post COVID-19 era

For the characteristics and strengths related to resilience to emerge, both risk and protective factors must be present that help to achieve a positive result or reduce or avoid a negative result. The study of resilience has generated great interest for scientists in recent decades, understanding that resilience is a universal quality that has always existed, reflecting the ways in which people and societies cope with adversity. The purpose of this article is to integrate Development, Governance and Resilience, conceiving it as the fundamental capacity that governments must develop to address, adapt and overcome the new challenges of chaos. Methodologically, the work is documentary and has an exploratory scope. Government resilience appears as a concept that surpasses the previous theoretical proposals on State reform because its realization demands, more than a modification of instruments, organizational forms or rules, a full institutional change.

Economic-Related Inequalities in Zero-Dose Children: A Study of Non-Receipt of Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Immunization Using Household Health Survey Data from 89 Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Despite advances in scaling up new vaccines in low- and middle-income countries, the global number of unvaccinated children has remained high over the past decade. We used 2000-2019 household survey data from 154 surveys representing 89 low- and middle-income countries to assess within-country, economic-related inequality in the prevalence of one-year-old children with zero doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine. Zero-dose DTP prevalence data were disaggregated by household wealth quintile. Difference, ratio, slope index of inequality, concentration index, and excess change measures were calculated to assess the latest situation and change over time, by country income grouping for 17 countries with high zero-dose DTP numbers and prevalence. Across 89 countries, the median prevalence of zero-dose DTP was 7.6%. Within-country inequalities mostly favored the richest quintile, with 19 of 89 countries reporting a rich-poor gap of ≥20.0 percentage points. Low-income countries had higher inequality than lower-middle-income countries and upper-middle-income countries (difference between the median prevalence in the poorest and richest quintiles: 14.4, 8.9, and 2.7 percentage points, respectively). Zero-dose DTP prevalence among the poorest households of low-income countries declined between 2000 and 2009 and between 2010 and 2019, yet economic-related inequality remained high in many countries. Widespread economic-related inequalities in zero-dose DTP prevalence are particularly pronounced in low-income countries and have remained high over the previous decade.

Pandemic-induced Changes in the SDG Priorities and Implementation Mechanisms in the International Cooperation System

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted a rethinking of the approaches to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the UN Sustainable Development Goals, both nationally and within the multilateral system. The crisis has forced international actors not only to reassess humanity's capability to achieve the Goals by 2030, but to question the relevance of the Agenda's priorities in the new environment. This work reviews the positions of key international institutions on sustainable pathways to global economic recovery.

Promoting immunization equity in Latin America and the Caribbean: Case studies, lessons learned, and their implication for COVID-19 vaccine equity.

In 2020, the World Health Organization launched the Immunization Agenda 2030: A Global Strategy to Leave No One Behind, which prioritizes high equitable immunization coverage at the national level and in all districts. Achieving high and homogenous immunization coverage, which is all the more important within the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccine rollout, requires the strengthening of existing immunization activities and innovative approach to immunization promotion. This research applied a descriptive case study methodology to document the implementation of strategic multi-level alliances to promote equitable immunization access and demand in Colombia, Guyana, and Sucre, Bolivia. Data collection, carried out between September 2019 and March 2020, included documentary reviews, semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and site visits accompanied by discussions with relevant stakeholders. Case studies provide valuable examples of people-centered, partnership-based, country-owned, and data-guided approaches to promoting equitable immunization coverage, including multi-level partnerships to build technical capacity for the identification and measurement of social inequalities impacting immunization in Colombia; intersectoral and community collaboration for pro-equity emergency response to regional vaccine preventable disease outbreaks in Guyana; and strategic alliances with the education sector and civil society organizations for the introduction of the human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine in Sucre, Bolivia. Lessons learned highlight avenues for improving the impact of multi-level, equity-focused capacity building, particularly at the local level; optimizing the use of data and resources, partnerships, and community and stakeholder education and empowerment. While impact studies are needed to better understand the quantitative contributions of such strategic alliances, these case studies illustrate their practical significance and reinforce the value of multi-level, intersectoral collaboration for enhancing equitable immunization access and demand. The experiences of Colombia, Guyana, and Sucre, Bolivia provide evidence-based insight to support pro-equity immunization program planning to ensure that no one is left behind and that everyone, everywhere receives the benefits of vaccines, both routine and for COVID-19.